Cultural ecosystem services (CES), one of four main categories of ecosystem services, are often described as the non-material benefits that humans receive from their interactions with the environment.

This report summarizes five cultural ecosystem service assessment methods piloted by the 2020 catalyst project, Cultural Ecosystem Services in Estuary Stewardship and Management.

This factsheet, developed by a 2020 catalyst project, provides a brief overview of CES frameworks and categories to complement the information contained in the factsheet “Expanding and Deepening the Application of Cultural Ecosystem Services in Estuary Stewardship and Management ”.

This factsheet, developed by a 2021 catalyst project, summarizes information to strengthen the conceptual foundation and meaningful application of cultural ecosystem services (CES) in the NERRS.

This factsheet, developed as part of a 2020 catalyst project, consolidates case studies of applied CES assessments.

This resource includes links to five datasets generated by a collaborative research project that measured nitrogen removal from oyster aquaculture using complement biogeochemistry and genetic methods.

This article, published in Frontiers in Marine Science in 2021, describes work done as part of a 2017-2020 collaborative research project conducted at Waquoit Bay Reserve in Massachusetts. The article explores the impacts of oyster aquaculture on nitrogen removal by examining bacterial processes in sediments underlying three of the most common aquaculture methods that vary in the proximity of oysters to the sediments.

These five related carbon storage, greenhouse gas flux and environmental variable datasets were generated by the Bringing Wetlands to Market research team and used to develop a coastal wetland greenhouse gas model for New England.

This case study discusses an example of an Ecosystem Services Conceptual Model for cultural services at Heʻeia National Estuarine Research Reserve in Hawaii.